Suppose I want to solve uxy=xy via Green's Function. This will correspond to the associated PDE Gxy=δ(x−xG, y−yG), and I want my boundary conditions for this Green problem to be G(0, y)=0, Gx(x, 0)=0.
The first step logically would actually be to find the adjoint of the differential operator and boundary conditions for u to arrive at the boundary value problem for G, but I'll just assume everything is self-adjoint for now, and return to that step at the end. I solve Gxy=δ(x−xG, y−yG), G(0, y)=0, Gx(x, 0)=0 using a double Laplace Transform. My double-transformed equation is G^^=rs1e−yGs−xGr, and unwinding the transforms, my Green's Function turns out to be G=H[x−xG]H[y−yG], where H[ ] is the Heaviside Function.
The solution to the original PDE thus should be u=∫0L∫0WxGyGH[x−xG]H[y−yG] dyG dxG. Making use of the identity H[a−b]=1−H[b−a], I can eliminate the Heaviside Functions by modifying the integration limits, and then straightforward calc computations yield u=4x2y2 (the domain dimensions L and W cancel).
If the operator/boundary conditions are indeed self-adjoint, and if I did everything correctly, then uxy=xy, u(0, y)=0, ux(x, 0)=0 should yield u=4x2y2. Solving this problem by simple integration and application of the boundary conditions confirms this answer, which in turn strongly confirms the self-adjointness hypothesis as well as my computations so far.
Returning to the beginning, all that remains is to find the adjoint to verify this. I have uxy=xy, and I take the inner product of both sides with G. So I have to use integration by parts on ∫0L∫0WuxyG dy dx with respect to y. This gives ∫0L(uxG∣y=0y=W−∫0WuxGy dy)dx. After distributing the outer integral, swapping the order of integration in the double integral, and applying integration by parts again, this time with respect to x, I get ∫0LuxG∣y=0y=W dx−∫0WuGy∣x=0x=L dy+∫0L∫0WuGxy dy dx.
The final term is indeed the original inner product with the differential operator moved from u to G. I just have to check the boundary conditions now; I plug u(0, y)=0 and ux(x, 0)=0 into ∫0LuxG∣y=0y=W dx−∫0WuGy∣x=0x=L dy, and am left with ∫0Lu(x, W)G(x, W) dx−∫0Wu(L, y)G(L, y) dy.
However, my understanding is that I now have to pick two boundary conditions in G that make this expression 0, and all I have left to use are G(x, W) and G(L, y). Setting these to 0 won't give me the G(0, y)=0 and Gx(x, 0)=0 boundary conditions I expected. This seems to suggest that the operator ∂y∂x∂ is actually not self-adjoint. But this doesn't make sense either, because when I assumed self-adjointness, I got the correct answer, and when I use simple integration to solve uxy=xy and apply the boundary conditions in u which would produce the needed boundary conditions in G (they are u(x, W)=0 and uy(L, y)=0), I no longer get the solution u=4x2y2 to match my Green's Function solution.
What am I doing wrong here? Is there some simple mistake in my computations, or do I understand the procedure of finding the adjoint operator/boundary conditions incorrectly?
The first step logically would actually be to find the adjoint of the differential operator and boundary conditions for u to arrive at the boundary value problem for G, but I'll just assume everything is self-adjoint for now, and return to that step at the end. I solve Gxy=δ(x−xG, y−yG), G(0, y)=0, Gx(x, 0)=0 using a double Laplace Transform. My double-transformed equation is G^^=rs1e−yGs−xGr, and unwinding the transforms, my Green's Function turns out to be G=H[x−xG]H[y−yG], where H[ ] is the Heaviside Function.
The solution to the original PDE thus should be u=∫0L∫0WxGyGH[x−xG]H[y−yG] dyG dxG. Making use of the identity H[a−b]=1−H[b−a], I can eliminate the Heaviside Functions by modifying the integration limits, and then straightforward calc computations yield u=4x2y2 (the domain dimensions L and W cancel).
If the operator/boundary conditions are indeed self-adjoint, and if I did everything correctly, then uxy=xy, u(0, y)=0, ux(x, 0)=0 should yield u=4x2y2. Solving this problem by simple integration and application of the boundary conditions confirms this answer, which in turn strongly confirms the self-adjointness hypothesis as well as my computations so far.
Returning to the beginning, all that remains is to find the adjoint to verify this. I have uxy=xy, and I take the inner product of both sides with G. So I have to use integration by parts on ∫0L∫0WuxyG dy dx with respect to y. This gives ∫0L(uxG∣y=0y=W−∫0WuxGy dy)dx. After distributing the outer integral, swapping the order of integration in the double integral, and applying integration by parts again, this time with respect to x, I get ∫0LuxG∣y=0y=W dx−∫0WuGy∣x=0x=L dy+∫0L∫0WuGxy dy dx.
The final term is indeed the original inner product with the differential operator moved from u to G. I just have to check the boundary conditions now; I plug u(0, y)=0 and ux(x, 0)=0 into ∫0LuxG∣y=0y=W dx−∫0WuGy∣x=0x=L dy, and am left with ∫0Lu(x, W)G(x, W) dx−∫0Wu(L, y)G(L, y) dy.
However, my understanding is that I now have to pick two boundary conditions in G that make this expression 0, and all I have left to use are G(x, W) and G(L, y). Setting these to 0 won't give me the G(0, y)=0 and Gx(x, 0)=0 boundary conditions I expected. This seems to suggest that the operator ∂y∂x∂ is actually not self-adjoint. But this doesn't make sense either, because when I assumed self-adjointness, I got the correct answer, and when I use simple integration to solve uxy=xy and apply the boundary conditions in u which would produce the needed boundary conditions in G (they are u(x, W)=0 and uy(L, y)=0), I no longer get the solution u=4x2y2 to match my Green's Function solution.
What am I doing wrong here? Is there some simple mistake in my computations, or do I understand the procedure of finding the adjoint operator/boundary conditions incorrectly?