First I'll take the equation as
128*(1/2)^(n-1) = 1/512
and re-write it as (21)n−1=128∗5121
The easiest way is to recognize that 4*128=512 and note that 128=27. So 128*512 = 22 27 27 = 216 and proceed from there.
However, that is not the general way to solve problems of this type unless you carry all powers of numbers in you head. If you have studied logarithms, then you can use them to find the answer. Proceed as before and re-write as (21)n−1=655361
You can proceed by taking the logarithm of each side and go from there. You could, if you wish cross multiply to get 65536=2n−1
first before taking the logarithms.
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