Can someone please help me to solve these two problems

As our name states, we are a help site rather than an answer site. Furthermore, our guidelines say that you should submit one problem per thread.

To solve these problems, you are going to have to make assumptions about the shapes involved.
 
If you were told in each case that the objects had similar shapes, you could solve using proportions. Unless that is stated in some instructions for the set of problems ("assume the objects in each problem are similar"), these are very poorly stated. If I had to answer them, I preface my answer with a statement of what I was unjustifiably assuming.

Now do you know what to do?
 
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