Difference between transcendental and irrational numbers.

[burt]

As far as I can tell, a transcendental number goes on forever without being able to be expressed in terms of any sort of rational expression. How is this different than the term irrational number?

 

[Deleted member 4993]

As far as I can tell, a transcendental number goes on forever without being able to be expressed in terms of any sort of rational expression. How is this different than the term irrational number?

Do a little research using google search!

Please let us know what you find - or need further clarification.

 

[burt]

Do a little research using google search!

Please let us know what you find - or need further clarification.

My google etc research is how I came up with this definition to begin with... Am I misunderstanding it?

 

[LCKurtz]

My google etc research is how I came up with this definition to begin with... Am I misunderstanding it?

Both transcendental and irrational numbers "go on forever", meaning they have non-terminating non-repeating decimal expansions. That is the equivalent of the definition of an irrational number, but not a transcendental one. Google "transcendental number". You will find lots of information.

 

[burt]

I think I found the difference - irrational numbers may be able to be expressed as a root of a rational number ie: [MATH]\sqrt{2}[/MATH] but transcendental numbers cannot.

 

[burt]

Are there any other known transcendental numbers besides for [MATH]e[/MATH] and [MATH]\pi[/MATH]?

 

[topsquark]

Are there any other known transcendental numbers besides for [MATH]e[/MATH] and [MATH]\pi[/MATH]?

Here's a list of a few. It's very hard to prove that a number is transcendental. You have to show that the number is not the zero of any polynomial with integer coefficients.

It's not just square roots. For example, [math]\sqrt{ 1 + \sqrt{3} } + 3[/math] is irrational but not transcendental.

Here's a list of a few.

-Dan

 

[Romsek]

I think I found the difference - irrational numbers may be able to be expressed as a root of a rational number ie: [MATH]\sqrt{2}[/MATH] but transcendental numbers cannot.

you want to look at the definition of "algebraic" numbers. Irrational numbers are simply that, not rational. Both the sets of
algebraic numbers and transcendental numbers are subsets of the irrationals.

By "known" I think you mean labeled. The golden ratio is another transcendental number given a name. The vast bulk of numbers are transcendental.
Both the set of algebraic numbers and the set of rationals have measure zero.

 

[burt]

you want to look at the definition of "algebraic" numbers. Irrational numbers are simply that, not rational. Both the sets of
algebraic numbers and transcendental numbers are subsets of the irrationals.

By "known" I think you mean labeled. The golden ratio is another transcendental number given a name. The vast bulk of numbers are transcendental.
Both the set of algebraic numbers and the set of rationals have measure zero.

Does this mean more numbers are transcendental than not? How is that?

 

[Deleted member 4993]

you want to look at the definition of "algebraic" numbers. Irrational numbers are simply that, not rational. Both the sets of
algebraic numbers and transcendental numbers are subsets of the irrationals.

By "known" I think you mean labeled. The golden ratio is another transcendental number given a name. The vast bulk of numbers are transcendental.
Both the set of algebraic numbers and the set of rationals have measure zero.

The golden ratio is NOT a transcendental number. It is root of x² - x - 1 = 0

 

[LCKurtz]

Does this mean more numbers are transcendental than not? How is that?

Yes. The rationals and the algebraic numbers are both countable infinity. The transcendentals are an uncountable infinity.

 

[Romsek]

The golden ratio is NOT a transcendental number. It is root of x² - x - 1 = 0

orly... my bad

 

[Deleted member 4993]

Are there any other known transcendental numbers besides for [MATH]e[/MATH] and [MATH]\pi[/MATH]?

Yes

One being

2^√2.............OR

e^π......................OR

Log₁₀2

Please read:

http://mathworld.wolfram.com/TranscendentalNumber.html

 

[Deleted member 4993]

Does this mean more numbers are transcendental than not? How is that?

Read:

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/strange-but-true-infinity-comes-in-different-sizes/

 

[Steven G]

Yes. The rationals and the algebraic numbers are both countable infinity. The transcendentals are an uncountable infinity.

Can we please a proof of this. I'm not say you are wrong, I just want to see this proof.

 

[Deleted member 4993]

Can we please a proof of this. I'm not say you are wrong, I just want to see this proof.

For that you have to read a paper by George Cantor. Internet is full of reference to that paper.